Fadin wuri shine tsayi × tsayi, wanda ke haifar da karuwa a murabba'i. Ninka gefen murabba'i sau biyu, kuma fadinsa ya ninka sau hudu—ba sau biyu ba! Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa kananan kurakurai a auna tsayi suka zama manyan kurakurai a fadin wuri.

Tsoffin mutanen Babila sun gano wannan shekaru 4,000 da suka wuce lokacin da suke auna gonaki: kuskuren kamu 10 a cikin gonar kamu 100×100 (kamu 10,000²) zai iya sa a rasa kamu 2,100² na kasar da ake biyan haraji—asarar kudin shiga 21%!

• KOYAUSHE ka rubanya abin da sau biyu (babban kuskuren da ake yi!)
• Kananan kurakuran tsayi suna kara girma: kuskuren tsayi 1% = kuskuren fadin wuri 2%
• Me yasa da'ira ke da amfani: fadin wuri mafi girma a kowane kewaye

Kadada ta samo asali ne daga 'adadin da mutum daya da saniya daya zai iya noma a rana daya'—kimanin m² 4,047. Tsubo (m² 3.3) ya fito ne daga girman tabarmin tatami a gidajen Japan. Raka'a sun samo asali ne daga bukatun dan Adam na yau da kullum, ba daga lissafin da ba a iya gani ba.

• Kadada = rukunin aikin noma na da (har yanzu ana amfani da shi a US/UK)
• Hekta = kirkirar metrik na Juyin Juya Halin Faransa (1795)
• Tsubo/pyeong = auna girman daki na gargajiya a Gabashin Asiya
• Barn = wasan kwaikwayo na masana kimiyyar lissafin nukiliya ('babba kamar rumbu' don 10⁻²⁸ m²!)

Auna fadin wuri ya fara daga shed (10⁻⁵² m², kimiyyar lissafin barbashi) zuwa murabba'in parsec (10³² m², ilimin taurari na galaxy)—wani yanki mai ban mamaki mai matakai 84 na girma! Babu wani adadin jiki da ya rufe irin wannan matsanancin hali.

Don mahallin: barn (10⁻²⁸ m²) zuwa 1 m² kamar yadda 1 m² yake ga fadin saman Rana (6×10¹⁸ m²). Zabi rukuninka don kiyaye lambobi tsakanin 0.1 da 10,000 don saukin karatu.

• Sikelin-nano: nm², µm² don microscopy da kayan aiki
• Sikelin-dan Adam: m², ft² don gine-gine; ha, kadada don kasa
• Sikelin-sararin samaniya: AU², ly² don tsarin duniya da taurari
• Koyaushe yi amfani da rubutun kimiyya sama da miliyan 1 ko kasa da 0.0001

An haife shi daga neman auna mai hankali na Juyin Juya Halin Faransa (1795), tsarin metrik yana amfani da karuwa a kan tushe 10. Murabba'in mita shine rukunin SI na fadin wuri, tare da hekta (10,000 m²) an tsara shi musamman don kasar noma—daidai 100m × 100m.

• m² = rukunin SI na asali; murabba'i 1m × 1m
• Hekta = daidai 100m × 100m = 10,000 m² (ba 100 m² ba!)
• km² don birane, kasashe: 1 km² = 100 ha = 1,000,000 m²
• Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Birnin Vatican shine 0.44 km²; Monaco shine 2.02 km²

Sunan kadada ya fito ne daga tsohon Turanci 'æcer' wanda ke nufin gona. An daidaita shi a 1824, daidai yake da murabba'in ƙafa 43,560—lamba mai ban mamaki da asalin zamanin da. Murabba'in mil daya yana da kadada 640 daidai, wanda ya rage daga auna kasa na zamanin da.

• 1 kadada = 43,560 ft² = 4,047 m² ≈ filin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka
• 1 murabba'in mil = 640 kadada = 2.59 km² (daidai 5,280² ft²)
• ft² ya mamaye jerin sunayen gidaje a Amurka
• Tarihi: 1 rood = ¼ kadada, 1 perch = 1 murabba'in sanda (25.3 m²)

Ƙafar sufeyar Amurka (daidai 1200/3937 m) ta bambanta da ƙafar ƙasa da ƙasa (0.3048 m) da 2 ppm—kadan, amma yana da mahimmanci ga iyakokin kadarori na shari'a. California kadai tana da fiye da shekaru 160 na rubutun sufeya ta amfani da tsohuwar ma'anar, don haka dole ne duka biyu su kasance tare.

• Kadadar sufeya = 4,046.873 m² vs. Kadadar ƙasa da ƙasa = 4,046.856 m²
• Bambancin yana da mahimmanci ga manyan filaye: kadada 10,000 = bambancin m² 17
• Grid na PLSS: 1 sashe = 1 mi² = 640 kadada; 1 gari = 36 sassa
• Ana amfani da shi ga dukkan ƙasar Amurka a yammacin asalin yankuna 13

Kimanin sauri don sauya ma'aunin fadin wuri na yau da kullum:

• 1 hekta ≈ kadada 2.5 (daidai 2.471 — kusa da isa don kimantawa)
• 1 kadada ≈ 4,000 m² (daidai 4,047 — mai saukin tunawa)
• Rubanya sauyawar tsayi sau biyu: 1 ft = 0.3048 m, don haka 1 ft² = 0.3048² = 0.093 m²
• 1 km² = hekta 100 = kadada 247 (kimanin kadada 250)
• Gina hekta da sauri: 10m × 10m = 100 m² (1 are), 100m × 100m = 10,000 m² (1 hekta)
• 1 ft² ≈ 0.1 m² (daidai 0.093 — yi amfani da 10 ft² ≈ 1 m² don kimantawa ta sama)

Yi tunanin fadin wuri da abubuwan da ka sani:

• 1 m² ≈ Wurin wanka, karamin teburi, ko babban akwatin pizza
• 1 ft² ≈ Tile na kasa na yau da kullum ko farantin abinci
• 10 m² ≈ Karamin dakin kwana ko wurin ajiye mota
• 100 m² (1 are) ≈ Filin wasan tennis (dan kadan)
• 1 kadada ≈ Filin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka ba tare da wuraren ƙarshe ba (kusan 90% daidai)
• 1 hekta ≈ Filin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa (dan girma fiye da filin)
• 1 km² ≈ Tubalan birni 200 ko filayen wasan ƙwallon ƙafa 100
• 1 murabba'in mil ≈ kadada 640 ko 2.5 km² (tunanin babban unguwa)

Auna fadin wuri na farko da aka rubuta ya bayyana a Mesopotamiya (3000 KZ) don harajin noma. Allunan laka sun nuna masu auna kasa na Babila suna lissafin fadin gonaki ta amfani da lissafin lissafi—sun gano dangantakar murabba'i shekaru 4,000 da suka wuce!

Tsohuwar Misira tana sake auna kasa kowace shekara bayan ambaliyar ruwan Nilu ta wanke iyakoki. 'Masu jan igiya' (harpedonaptai) sun yi amfani da igiyoyi da aka ɗaure don saita kusurwoyi da lissafin fadin wuri, suna haɓaka ilimin lissafi na farko a cikin wannan tsari.

• 3000 KZ: 'Iku' na Mesopotamiya don harajin gonakin hatsi
• 2700 KZ: 'Aroura' na Misira (2,756 m²) don gonakin kwarin Nilu
• 1800 KZ: Allunan Babila sun nuna kimanin π don fadin wuraren da'ira
• Kuskuren auna na da = 21% asarar haraji a gonar kamu 100×100!

An bayyana 'jugerum' na Romawa (2,520 m²) a matsayin fadin da shanu biyu za su iya noma a rana daya—auna da ya dogara da aiki. Tsarin centuria na Romawa (504,000 m²) ya raba yankunan da aka ci da yaƙi zuwa grids, waɗanda har yanzu ana iya gani a cikin hotunan sama na Italiya a yau.

'Kadada' na Ingila ta zamanin da ya fito ne daga tsohon Turanci 'æcer' (gona), an daidaita shi a matsayin 1 furlong × 1 sarkar = 43,560 ft². Lambar da ba a saba gani ba tana nuna sarƙoƙin auna kasa na zamanin da na daidai kafa 66.

• 200 KZ: Jugerum na Romawa a matsayin tushen haraji da kyautar kasa
• 100 AZ: Tsarin grid na centuria na Romawa don matsugunan tsoffin sojoji
• 900 AZ: Kadadar Anglo-Saxon ta fito a matsayin rukunin aikin noma
• 1266: Dokar Kadada ta Ingilishi ta kafa ma'anar zuwa 43,560 ft²

Juyin Juya Halin Faransa ya nemi kawo ƙarshen rikicin raka'o'in kasa na yanki. A cikin 1795, sun ƙirƙiri 'hekta' (daga Girkanci hekaton = 100) a matsayin daidai 100m × 100m = 10,000 m². Kyakkyawa mai sauƙi, ya bazu a duniya cikin shekaru 50.

A halin yanzu, Amurka da Birtaniya sun kafa tsarin gasa: ƙafar sufeyar Amurka (daidai 1200/3937 m) don auna ƙasar yamma, da ma'anonin daular Birtaniya. A shekara ta 1900, duniya tana da tsare-tsare guda uku da ba su dace da juna ba.

• 1795: An ƙirƙiri hekta a matsayin 10,000 m² (murabba'i 100m × 100m)
• 1824: An daidaita kadadar daular Birtaniya a 4,046.856 m²
• 1866: An bayyana kadadar sufeyar Amurka don grid na PLSS (dan bambanta!)
• 1893: Dokar Mendenhall ta karɓi tushen metrik don auna Amurka

Kimiyyar lissafin nukiliya ta ƙirƙiri 'barn' (10⁻²⁸ m²) a lokacin Aikin Manhattan—masana kimiyyar lissafi sun yi wasa cewa ƙwayoyin atam sun kasance 'manya kamar rumbu' idan aka kwatanta da abin da ake tsammani. Daga baya, masana kimiyyar lissafin barbashi sun ƙirƙiri 'shed' (10⁻⁵² m²) don yankuna masu ƙanƙanta.

A yau, fadin wuri ya rufe matakai 84 na girma: daga sheds zuwa murabba'in parsec (10³² m²) don taswirar galaxy. GPS da hotunan tauraron dan adam suna ba da damar daidaiton auna kasa na kasa da santimita, amma raka'o'in gargajiya sun tsira a cikin doka da al'adu.

• 1942: An ƙirƙiri 'Barn' a Aikin Manhattan don yankin nukiliya
• 1960: SI a hukumance ta karɓi m² tare da hekta a matsayin rukunin da aka yarda da shi
• 1983: GPS ya kawo sauyi a auna kasa tare da daidaiton tauraron dan adam
• 2000s: Har yanzu gidajen duniya suna amfani da kadada, mu, tsubo, bigha—al'ada ta fi sauƙi

Yi amfani da hekta a cikin mahallin SI da noman ƙasa da ƙasa; kadada sun kasance ma'auni a US/UK. Bayar da duka biyun lokacin sadarwa da yawa.

Ma'anonin sufeyar Amurka suna amfani da ɗan bambancin abubuwan da ba su canzawa don ƙasar shari'a. Bambance-bambancen suna da ƙanƙanta amma suna da mahimmanci a aikin cadastral.

Ana yawan ba da rahoton birane da gundumomi a cikin km²; unguwanni da wuraren shakatawa sun fi sauƙin karantawa a hekta ko kadada.

Ee, a wasu yankuna; koyaushe samar da kwatankwacin SI (m²) a gefe don bayani.